Book Description

A group of distinguished scientists contributes to the foundations of a new discipline in Earth sciences:earthquake thermodynamics and thermodynamics of formation of the Earth's interior structures.The predictive powers of thermodynamics are so great that those aspiring to model earthquake and the Earth's interior will certainly wish to be able to use the theory.Thermodynamics is our only method of understanding and predicting the behavior of many environmental, atmospheric, and geological processes.The need for Earth scientists to develop a functional knowledge of thermodynamic concepts and methodology is therefore urgent.Sources of an entropy increase the dissipative and self-organizing systems driving the evolution and dynamics of the Universe and Earth through irreversible processes.The non-linear interactions lead to the formation of fractal structures.From the structural phase transformations the important interior boundaries emerge.

Non-linear interactions between the defects in solids lead the authors to develop the physics of continua with a dense distribution of defects.Disclinations and dislocations interact during a slow evolution as well as during rapid dynamic events, like earthquakes.Splitting the dynamic processes into the 2D fault done and 3D surrounding space brings a new tool for describing the slip nucleation and propagation along the earthquake faults.Seismic efficiency, rupture velocity, and complexity of seismic source zone are considered from different points of view, fracture band earthquake model is developed on the basis of thermodynamics of line defects, like dislocations.Earthquake thermodynamics offers us a microscopic model of earthquake sources.

Physics of defects helps the authors decscribe and explain a number of precursory phenomena caused by the buildup of stresses.Anomalies in electric polarization and electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes are considered from this point of view.Through the thermodynamic approach, the authors arrive at the fascinating question of posssibility of earthquake prediction.In general, the Earth is considered here as a multicomponent system.Transport phenomena as well as wave propagation and shock waves are considered in this system subjected also to chemical and phase transformations. ... Read more

Reviews (4)

You must enjoy this book.
This is one of the best books ever. Big red plus. KAREN sit down. Kenny be quiet. Howard be quiet. Chunche SIT DOWN.

Excellent research source
A well written, well researched, and brilliantly edited peice. I highly recommend this for all serious physics research courses that touch upon tectonics in any way, it's a fine specimen of a book

Very Enjoyable
This book is more enjoyable than triple integrals rotating like crazy!. I give it a big plus. Tony, this is too much; take your luggage and go.

Bravissimo
The best book on physics ever.It gave me great pleasure to read.Big Plus ... Read more

Book Description

Written from a 'learning by doing' perspective, Digital Photogrammetry supplies everything a novice user needs to understand and perform basic photogrammetry. The combination of explanatory text and software and data on the accompanying CD-ROM leads users through all necessary steps, from initial scanning through final products such as ortho images and mosaics. All of the basic functions of digital photogrammetry are explained: image orientation, aerial triangulation measurement, bundle block adjustment, feature collection, terrain models, and final products. Ideal for geographers, cartographers, forest engineers and other experts working with aerial photos, the package takes readers through several tutorials, beginning with a simple example (stereo model), that show just how photogrammetry works. The included software constitutes a small but powerful Digital Photogrammetric Workshop that can be used for any project. Even 3-D images, viewable with the included 3-D glasses, are among the examples. ... Read more

Book Description

This textbook for upper division undergraduates and graduate students provides the ideal introduction to seismology. A student-friendly text fully details the fundamental concepts and includes a step-by-step development of the relevant mathematics. Beginning with clear examples of introductory topics such as one-dimensional problems and liquid media, the book goes on to cover most of the fundamental concepts in seismology. The author describes the application of seismology to the knowledge of the structure of the earth's interior and the origin and nature of earthquakes. Coverage includes seismic wave propagation, normal mode theory, ray theory approximation, body and surface waves, source mechanisms and kinematic and dynamic models. The book also contains appendices on useful mathematical tools and includes extensive problems that help students to understand the basic concepts in this area. ... Read more

Book Description

This volume contains descriptions of about 300 tsunami and ofsimilar known phenomena in the Mediterranean Sea. Earthquakes andother processes generating tsunami are also described. The intensityof tsunami waves is estimated, and the causes of tsunami generationare given together with the reliability of the information. Theliterary data are given on coordinates and magnitudes of tsunamigenicearthquakes. 18 zones of tsunami generation are identified, which havebeen subdivided into four groups according to the maximum intensityand periodicity. Audience: The book should be of interest to seismologists,oceanographers, volcanologists, geographers, and specialistsinvestigating natural hazards and their consequences. ... Read more

Book Description

This book is an introductory text for all earth scientists interested in learning about the quantitative description of geological problems. It contains chapters on heat flow, sedimentary basin modelling, mechanics of continental deformation, PT path modelling, geomorphology and mass transfer and more. In its style, the book is aimed at the field oriented geologist that wants to begin with learning about the quantitative description of problems. Graduate students and scientists will find the book a good starting point for a quantitativ treatment of their data. ... Read more

Book Description

Exploration of the oceans using geophysical methods has had a profound effect on the way we view the structure of the Earth and its behaviour through geological time. Geophysics has also played a vital role in the search for petroleum and other natural resources lying beneath the seabed.

This volume on marine geophysics has two objectives: to provide a comprehensive review of techniques and to examine what geophysical observations can tell us about the structure and tectonics of the oceans. Central to geophysical work at sea are the means of locating observations accurately and determining in detail the morphology of the sea floor. These topics are discussed early in the book. Considered next are the powerful seismic techniques for imaging the Earths interior from shallow coastal areas to the deep-sea trenches. Further chapters focus on the gravity and magnetic fields over the oceans, heat flow, electrical and radiometric methods and measurements in offshore boreholes. In later parts of the book, wide-ranging geophysical observations are brought together in chapters on the development of the modern oceans, the structure of their deep basins and the nature of their aseismic and seismically active margins.

This book will be of interest to marine scientists and advanced undergraduates and postgraduates following courses on, or undertaking research in, geophysics, marine geology, oceanography, physical sciences, remote sensing, marine surveying and offshore engineering. Contents:

1. Preview
2. Locating offshore observations
3. Seabed imaging by sonar and lidar
4. Seismic exploration at sea: a theoretical background
5. Seismic data acquisition at sea
6. The marine gravity field
7. The Earths magnetic field at sea
8. Heat flow
9. Investigations of the sea floor using electrical methods
10. Seabed exploration using radiometric methods
11. Geophysical observations in offshore boreholes
12. Deep-sea geophysics and the changing geometry of the oceans
13. Studies of the oceanic lithosphere: the sedimentary cover
14. Studies of the oceanic lithosphere: the crustal basement and upper mantle
15. Investigations of divergent and transform continental margins
16. Studies of subduction zones

Book Description

This thorough and up-to-date treatment first introduces the general formalism of scattering, absorption, and emission of light and other electromagnetic radiation by arbitrarily shaped and arbitrarily oriented particles. It then discusses the relation of the radiative transfer theory to single-scattering solutions of Maxwell's equations and describes in detail exact theoretical methods and computer codes for calculating scattering, absorption, and emission properties of arbitrarily shaped particles. Further chapters demonstrate how scattering and absorption characteristics of small particles depend on particle size, refractive index, shape, and orientation. The work illustrates how the high efficiency and accuracy of existing theoretical and experimental techniques, and the availability of fast scientific workstations, result in advanced physically-based applications of electromagnetic scattering to non-invasive particle characterization and remote sensing.This book will be valuable for science professionals, engineers and graduate students in a wide range of disciplines including optics, electromagnetics, remote sensing, climate research, and biomedicine. ... Read more

Book Description

The second edition of this acclaimed textbook has been brought fully up-to-date to reflect the latest advances in geophysical research. It is designed for students in introductory geophysics courses who have a general background in the physical sciences, including introductory calculus. New to this edition are a section of color plates and separate sections on the earth's mantle and core. The book also contains an extensive glossary of terms, and includes numerous exercises for which solutions are available to instructors from solutions@cambridge.org. First Edition Hb (1990): 0-521-37025-6 First Edition Pb (1990): 0-521-38590-3 ... Read more

Reviews (1)

Major points in favor of the recommended textbook
* It includes the recent progress of Solid Earth as huge volume of geophysical book (685 pages) and detail discussion under 12 Chapters of Solid Earth and Global Geophysics as:
1. Introduction, pp. 1-3
2. Tectonics on a sphere: the geometry of plate tectonics, pp. 5-40.
3. Past plate motions, pp.43-94.
4. Seismology Measuring the interior, pp. 100-186.
5. Gravity, pp.193-230
6. Geochronology, pp. 193-230.
7. Heat, pp. 269-323.
8. The deep interior of the Earth, pp. 326-381.
9. The oceanic lithosphere: ridges, transforms, trenches and oceanic islands, pp. 391-493.
10. The continental lithosphere, pp. 509-602.
11. Appendixes on used mathematics , units and functions, pp.615-654
12. Glossary, pp.655-666.
* Following the detail discussion from the point of mathematical derivation and attractively illustrated pictures on given above issues, solutions are given for pedagogical problems following each subsection. For example, two problem solutions under the Chapter 2 are given for calculation of relative motion at a plate boundary (see page 21) and calculating rotational vector (see Page 24).After the well-defined problems and provided easy-going solutions, finally 11 more questions are provided at the end of Chapter 1 (see pp.37).At the end of Chapter 1, 43 references are listed just for related issues of Plate Tectonics.The reference list includes a selection not from best-known Journals (e.g., Science and Nature) but also publications from past (1971) to present (2004).From the illustrated part of proposing book, it is a good evidence for what the suggested book is both friendly interactive and pedagogically well illustrated.
* The textbook is being used in number of Universities in courses to teach Solid Earth.Among those universities through the world are the following:
* Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California-USA
* Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, CANADA.
* Department of Geological Sciences, Queen's University at Kingston, ENGLAND
* Department of Geological Sciences, University of Canterbury, NEW ZELAND.
... Read more

Book Description

This book presents a rigorous mathematical development of soil water and contaminant flow in variably saturated and saturated soils. Analytical and numerical methods are balanced: computer programs, among them MathCad and Fortran, are presented, and more than 150 practice and discussion questions are included. Students are thus exposed not only to theory but also to an array of solutions techniques. Those using the book as a reference will appreciate the careful development of basic flow equations, the inclusion of solutions and methodology currently available only in journals and proceedings volumes, and the examples and calculations directly applicable to their own work. ... Read more

Book Description

This introduction to topics in geophysical fluid dynamics covers the theory of large-scale ocean circulation, geostrophic turbulence, and Hamiltonian fluid dynamics. ... Read more

Reviews (1)

Excellent Book for Physical Oceanographers
This has to be one of the best books on GFD to have come out in a long time. It is strongly oriented towards oceanographers, but the ideas are so clear that I would recommend anyone associated with fluid dynamics to take a look at this one. The first half (based on the course at Scripps, according to the author) is a treatment of classic GFD concepts in oceanography, but much is presented from a fresh perspective that new students don't normally come across. The second half is devoted to some much newer ideas in GFD, geophysical turbulence and Hamiltonian fluid dynamics. Again, this is great for students because it can be difficult to dive into the current research, and a gentle introduction goes a long way towards promoting these ideas.

The book lacks exercises, which is too bad because there are far too many monographs and far too few textbooks in this field (Cushman-Roisin's being one of the very few). This is partly because the ideas in the second half are some very new ones, which I don't think have appeared in many other textbooks so far. But I do think that it's a bit of a shame, because a book like this in classrooms has the potential to create some truly excellent physical oceanographers.

(And could "rsalmon14" be a visit by the author himself? We can only hope!) ... Read more

Book Description

This revised and thoroughly updated edition maintains and develops the two major themes of the first edition. First is the connection between fault and earthquake mechanics, including fault scaling laws, the nature of fault populations, and how these result from the processes of fault growth and interaction. Second is the central role of the rate-state friction laws in earthquake mechanics, which provide a unifying framework within which a wide range of faulting phenomena can be interpreted. ... Read more

Reviews (1)

Faultless book on faults?
Christopher Scholz has written a welcome update to the classic 1990 edition of his book, and if you thought that Crustal Deformation was a field where nothing exciting happens, think again! Substantial chunks of the book have been re-written and re-organized to bring the text bang up-to-date with the cutting edge of tectonics and rock mechanics research.
The beauty of this book is that Scholz, along with his students and research associates, basically has been the cutting edge of research in this field for the past 30 years. The book therefore reads as a guide to the evolution of ideas and a personal memoir of scientific exploration, while allowing the reader to follow the same thought processes, and more fully understand what we currently think regarding these subjects.
The text is a monograph, quite different from the usual condescending tone found in textbooks, and can be understood and appreciated by readers of widely differing abilities, from interested laymen to fellow researchers. Thorough explanations are given for each topic, with examples taken from actual scientific papers, putting the reader in touch with the original papers, a glaring omission in many other textbooks. The language is never more complicated than it needs to be, and Scholz's straight-forward explanations and no-nonsense style make comprehension almost too easy, leaving the reader a real feeling that one has learned something at the end, which will come as a breath of fresh air to any student that has suffered through a horribly dull and irrelevent lecture, only to remain scratching their head at the end.
The book is a tribute to the intellect and longeivity of the man's career, blessed as he is with a happy knack for being proven "right" by the passing of time, and continuing accumulation of research results. A classic text, and again, a must-read for anyone with a desire to know more about the planet we live on. ... Read more

Book Description

This book gives a comprehensive picture of the present stage of development of spectral analysis and filter theory in geophysics. The principles and theories behind classical and modern methods are described and the effectiveness of these methods is assessed; selected examples of their practical application in geophysics are discussed. The modern methods include, for example, spectral analysis by fitting random models to the data, the maximum-entropy and maximum-likelihood spectral analysis procedures, the Wiener and Kalman filters, homomorphic deconvolution, and adaptive procedures for non-stationary processes. This book represents a valuable aid in education and research and for solving practical problems in geophysics and related disciplines. ... Read more

Book Description

Magmatism is the only true endogenic process for generating new material on the Earth's surface. Obviously, magmatism and tectonic movements are reflections of geodynamics, that is, physical processes which occur in deep-seated environments.
What are the interrelationships between magmatism and tectonics? How did the character of terrestrial magmatism change through time and are there any irregularities in this process? Were there particular "crisis" (catastrophe) points, when current tendencies in the evolution of magmatism changed sharply?
Answers to these cardinal Earth sciences questions and many others can be found in this book, which bridges a long-recognized gap in the literature. ... Read more

Book Description

This text is designed for an in-depth course in trigonometry. Although the development of trigonometry begins on page one, the authors realize that many students may have completed algebra and geometry courses some time ago. Therefore, they have included algebra and geometry reminders throughout the text where they know from their teaching experience that many students need help in recalling ideas that are necessary to develop trigonometry. While it assumes no previous knowledge of trigonometry, this book shows how trigonometry can be used in many fields. It also develops algebra skills so that students will be thoroughly prepared to continue their study of mathematics and science. The use of graphing calculators has been incorporated throughout the text to reduce the labor of calculations and to expand the students' understanding of concepts and give students the opportunity to explore relationships.

A Student Solutions Manual is available for sale.Additionally, an Instructor Solutions Manual is available for teachers by emailing shirley_grall@mcgraw-hill.com ... Read more

Book Description

Explains the physical principles underlying the behaviour of glaciers and ice sheets and concludes with a chapter on the information about past climate and atmospheric composition obtainable from ice cores. The past 40 years have seen major advances in most aspects of the subject; the book concentrates on these. It is an updated and expanded version of the second edition, and is now available in the long-awaited paperback format. Much of the book deals with developments since the second edition was published.

Dr Paterson's introduction to glacier studies was with the British North Greenland Expedition in 1953-4. He emigrated to Canada in 1957 and between 1959 and 1980 studied glaciers in the Canadian Arctic and the Rocky Mountains, mainly under the auspices of the Canadian Government's Polar Continental Shelf Project. Since 1980 he has done consulting work and has also been a visiting scientist with the Geophysics Department at the University of Copenhagen (three times) and with the Australian Antarctic Division. He has also given a comprehensive lecture course at the Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology in Lanzhou, China. He is now retired (more or less) and lives in British Columbia.

New paperback edition of a classic text
Well-known and respected author
Updated and expanded since the second edition, reflecting the advances in most aspects of the subject over the last 40 years. ... Read more

Reviews (2)

An excellent introduction to theoretical glaciology.
This is the 3rd edition of a classical university textbook. It is an introduction to the behaviour of glaciers and ice sheets from a theoretical point of view. A wide range of subjects are treated e.g. ice dynamics, mass balance, climatology, ice core analysis, hydrology, thermal properties, etc. The equations governing the flow of valley glaciers, ice sheets and ice streams are presented along with the physical arguments.
A basic knowledge of mathematics and physics is an advantage.

An excellent introduction to theoretical glaciology.
This is the 3rd edition of classical university textbook. It is a complete introduction to the behaviour of glaciers and ice sheets from a theoretical point of view. It treats a wide range of subjects e.g. ice dynamics, mass balance, climatology, ice core analysis, hydrology, thermal properties, etc. The equations of ice flow in valley glaciers, ice sheets and ice streams are presented along with the physical arguments.
A basic knowledge of mathematics and physics is an advantage. ... Read more

Book Description

The field of atmospheric radiation and remote sensing has seen significant advances in recent years.This monograph addresses those advances and fills the need for an up-to-date, cohesive integration of radiative transfer and cloud physics, allowing for the better forcast of weather on medium and long-range levels.The author here offers a systematic discussion of the transfer of solar and thermal infrared radiation in the atmosphere, and of aspects of cloud processes pertinent to radiative transfer.The book focuses largely on the physical principles and approximations that are required to develop important topics in atmospheric radiation, cloud physics, and thermal equilibrium.Aspects of the interactions and feedbacks of radiation-cloud and dynamic and climate processes are discussed using a hierarchy of atmospheric models.Radiometric data obtained from the ground, the air, and space are frequently employed to illustrate physical processes in the atmosphere as well as to cross check theoretical results.The author also cogently discusses the application of the radiative transfer principle to remote sensing of atmospheric and cloud parameters.This book for the first time bridges the gap between cloud-radiation and dynamic processes in the atmosphere.It will be welcomed by meteorlogists, earth scientists, and researchers interested in atmospheric modelling and radiation. ... Read more