Book Description

The state of the art in supercomputing is summarized in this volume. The book presents selected results of the projects of the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) for the year 2001. Together these contributions provide an overview of recent developments in high performance computing and simulation. Reflecting the close cooperation of the HLRS with industry, special emphasis has been put on the industrial relevance of the presented results and methods. The book therefore becomes a collection of showcases for an innovative usage of state-of-the-art modeling, novel numerical algorithms and the use of leading edge high performance computing systems in a GRID-like environment. ... Read more

Book Description

The book is designed to provide graduate students and research novices with an introductory review of recent developments in the field of magneto-optics. The field encompasses many of the most important subjects in solid state physics, chemical physics and electronic engineering. The book deals with (1) optical spectroscopy of paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferromagnetic materials, (2) studies of photo-induced magnetism, and (3) their applications to opto-electronics. Many of these studies originate from those of ligand-field spectra of solids, which are considered to have contributed to advances in materials research for solid-state lasers. ... Read more

Book Description

This book introduces the use of industrial CMOS processes to produce arrays of nanomechanical cantilever transducers with on-chip driving and signal conditioning circuitry. These cantilevers are familiar from Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) and allow the sensitive detection of physical quantities such as forces and mass changes. The book is divided into three parts. First fabrication aspects and the mechanisms of cantilever resonators are introduced. Of the possible driving and sensing mechanisms, electrothermal and magnetic excitation, as well as piezoresistive detection and the use of MOS transistors for the deflection detection are introduced. This is followed by two application examples: The use of resonant cantilevers for the mass-sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds, and force sensor arrays for parallel Scanning Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) of large areas. ... Read more

Book Description

Since the publication of Volumes II/7 in 1976 and its supplements II/15 in 1987 and II/21 in 1992, the information on the structure of free molecules in the ground state and in excited electronic states has increased considerably. Therefore this volume II/23 contains data from 148 inorganic and 498 organic polyatomic free molecules (including free radicals and molecular ions) published between 1990 and 1993 inclusively and a small number of structures published 1994. All experimental methods for the determination of structural data of free molecules have been considered, all data obtained by these methods have been critically evaluated and compiled. The structural data for more than 3400 polyatomic free molecules can be completely surveyed and easily retrieved by means of this volume. ... Read more

Book Description

For decades now, chemists have been dreaming of observing exactly what happens at the molecular level during a chemical reaction. The breakthrough came at the end of the 80s with the development of special spectrometers that use extremely short-pulsed laser light and so enable measurements in the femtosecond range. Since then, "femtochemistry" has made rapid progress, due to intensive collaboration between physical chemists, spectroscopists, photochemists and physicists.

The first-class contributions collected here from top international femtochemists provide a comprehensive insight into this area of interdisciplinary research. The range extends from femtochemistry in nanohollows to the investigation of the dynamics of biological reactions in the femtosecond range, from ab initio approaches to quantum chemical reaction controls to two-dimensional, nonlinear optical spectroscopy in liquids. This overview of the current level of research is rounded off with A. Zewail's Nobel prizewinning lecture. The vast amount of information and numerous references make this not only an ideal introduction to the research, but also recommended reading for everyone concerned with this hot topic.
... Read more

Book Description

Spectrophysics shows how observations of atomic and molecular spectra can be related to the environment of the emitting or absorbing particles, with particular applications to astrophysics, plasma physics and atmospheric physics. The first part of the book describes the relations between the structure of atoms and simple molecules and their spectra, including complex atoms, which are not normally covered in introductory texts. The second part treats the effects of temperature, density, pressure, collisions with other particles, and so on. Much of this material is normally found only in specialized texts on astrophysics or plasma physics. The experimental methods of optical spectroscopy, from the mid-infrared to the far-ultraviolet regions, are described and compared in the last part of the book with a final chapter addressing such practical matters as wavelength and intensity calibration and signal-to-noise ratios. ... Read more

Reviews (1)

Excellent book
It's a very useful and practical book, esp. for a spectrophysicist. ... Read more

Book Description

The book summarizes the results of the projects of the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) for the year 2000. The most significant contributions have been selected in a scientific review process. Together they provide an overview of recent developments in high performance computing and simulation. Reflecting the close cooperation of the HLRS with industry, special emphasis has been put on the industrial relevance of the presented results and methods. The book therefore becomes a collection of showcases for an innovative combination of the state-of-the-art modeling, novel numerical algorithms and the use of leading edge high performance computing systems. ... Read more

Book Description

Volume 7 continues the tradition of previous volumes in this series by presenting cutting-edge and current advances in atomic spectroscopy. This volume focuses on the application of atomic spectroscopy particularly ICPMS, with an emphasis in the area of clinical and biological samples

New techniques such as double focusing and field-flow fractionation ICP-MS are presented. Other areas such as laser induced breakdown spectrometry and new applications of graphite furnace AAS are included. A major theme of many of the chapters is speciation, which is the hottest topic in elemental determination at present.

ú Focuses on cutting-edge advances in atomic spectroscopy
ú Contributors are leaders in their fields
ú Can be used in conjunction with the other books in the series or as a stand-alone title ... Read more

Book Description

A complete guide to one of the most revolutionary technologies in the history of imaging

Near-field microscopes combine the richness of optical analysis, the noninvasive character of light, and the wide variety of sample environments of conventional microscopes with the finer spatial resolution of alternative technologies. Near-Field Optics combines an introduction to near-field optical theory with a handbook and reference for the practice and application of near-field microscopy. Michael A. Paesler and Patrick J. Moyer provide the most comprehensive presentation available on the instrumentation and operation of near-field microscopes. Writing from the viewpoint of the scientist who wants to apply these revolutionary instruments in a laboratory setting, the authors:
* Explain the pertinent optical theory and provide a developmental history of near-field instruments
* Discuss imaging theory and its application in the near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM)
* Explore the optical behavior of elements that provide the near-field/far-field connection in an NSOM
* Provide operational how-to's for NSOMs
* Examine the theory and operation of optical tunneling microscopes with special emphasis on the photon tunneling microscope (PTM)
* Enumerate contrast mechanisms available to the near-field microscopist
* Describe the application of near-field techniques in biology, materials science, surface chemistry, and information storage ... Read more

Reviews (1)

Excellent summary of progress to date in near-field optics.
Drs Paesler and Moyer present a comprehensive overview of the research to date in near-field optics, including their own progress in the field. Clearly written and readable passages cover both the theory and applications of near-field microscopy, as well as a primer on the discipline's history. As the field is relatively young but quickly growing, having centralized access to seminal works is a real benefit. Having one of the authors (Moyer) as a graduate advisor, I was able to take first-hand advantage of his expertise in my own near-field research; for those who don't have the luxury of one-on-one interaction with the authors, their book is the next best thing. ... Read more

Book Description

The evolution of our understanding of most properties of new functional materials is related to our knowledge of their atomic-scale structure. To further this, several X-ray and neutron techniques are employed. The anomalous X-ray scattering (AXS) method, exploiting the so-called anomalous dispersion effect near the absorption edge of the constituent element, is one of the most powerful methods for determining the accurate partial structure functions of individual pairs of constituents or the environmental functions around specific elements in multicomponent systems. AXS is useful for both crystalline and non-crystalline systems, for studies of surface and bulk materials. This book is the first on this new method of structural characterization. It describes the basics and application principles, and also treats the specifics of application to liquid alloys, supercooled liquids, solutions, metallic glasses, oxide glasses, superconducting ionic glasses etc. ... Read more

Book Description

Paperback ... Read more

Book Description

The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. Now with more than 300 volumes (all of them still in print), the series contains much material still relevant today—truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.

Major Sections Include:
* Basic Principles, Specialized Uses, and Genetic Applications
* LCM and its application in genomics and proteomics * Fluorescence in situ hybridization of LCM isolated nuclei from paraffin sections
* Noncontact laser catapulting for the functional genomics and proteomics
* Use of LCM for clonal analysis, in carcinoma analysis, to assess development, in complex tissue, in pathology, gene discovery, and more. ... Read more

Book Description

Each chapter presents a detailed background of the described method, its theoretical foundations, and its applicability to different biomedical material. Updated chapters describe either the most popular methods or those processes that have evolved the most since the past edition. Additionally, a large portion of the volume is devoted to clinical cytometry. Particular attention is paid to applications of cytometry in oncology, the most rapidly growing area.

Key Features
* Contains 56 extensive chapters authored by world authorities on cytometry
* Covers a wide range of topics, including principles of cytometry and general methods, cell preparation, tandardization and quality assurance, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell-cell/cell-environmental interactions, cytogenetics and molecular genetics, cell function and differentiation, experimental and clinical oncology, microorganisms, and infectious diseases
* Describes in-depth the essential methods and scientific principles of flow and laser scanning cytometry and illustrates how they can be applied to the fields of biology and medicine
* Complements the first and second editions on flow cytometry in the Methods in Cell Biology series and includes new sections on technology principles. ... Read more

Reviews (1)

The first space race, in exhausting detail
This historical study examines in great detail the history of high-altitude ballooning during the 1920's and 1930's, with epilogues about the Forties and Fifties.DeVorkin compares these competitive efforts to the early years of the Space Race.Unfortunately, he focuses so much on the details of bureaucratic and scientific in-fighting that the adventurous aspects of the story get lost.This would have been a more interesting book if the author had told us more aboutthe actual flights, particularly dramatic moments such as the bailout from the record breaking flight that was interrupted by a shredding balloon. DeVorkin mentions but does not describe the ultimate balloon trip, when an Air Force officer stepped out of a capsule 25 miles up and parachuted to safety.Numerous black and white photos are reproduced in the book, most of them of scientists and other personalities involved in this competition. Authoritative, but dull. ... Read more