Book Description

Solids subjected to sufficiently large loads undergo plastic strain that does not vanish after unloading. Limit analysis is used to find out whether a given loading is safe against capacity loss due to intensive plastic deformation. Over the past 25 years, the theory and methods of limit analysis have undergone substantial development. This book gives a clear and complete presentation of the state of the art of limit analysis, including: ... Read more

Book Description

Nanostructure science and technology has become an identifiable, if very broad and multidisciplinary, field of research and emerging application in recent years. It is one of the most visible and growing research areas in materials science in its broadest sense. Nanostructured materials include atomic clusters, layered (lamellar) films, filamentary structures, and bulk nanostructured materials. The common thread to these materials is the nanoscale dimensionality, i.e. at least one dimension less than 100 nm, more typically less than 50 nm. In some cases, the physics of such nanoscale materials can be very different form the macroscale properties of the same substance. The different, often superior, properties that can occur is the driving force behind the explosion in research interest in these materials.

With the recent intense interest in this broad field, a number of books, articles and conferences have been published. The justification for yet another book is twofold. First, the speed of developments makes it necessary to record another “snapshot of the field.” Second, this book narrows the field into the study of synthesis, characterization, and properties relevant to applications that require bulk, and mainly inorganic materials.

Book Description

This volume consists of papers presented at the Third International Conference on Residual Stresses held in Tokushima, Japan, 23-26 July 1991.

This book contains the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Residual Stresses, ICRS 3, held in Tokushima, Japan on 23-26 July 1991. Approximately 330 participants from 26 countries discussed resudual stresses on various aspects and 249 papers were presented.

This series of conferences has gained an international reputation as one which deals with all angles of residual and internal stresses. The conference also commemorated the 40th anniversary of the Society of Materials Science, Japan. The range of materials at the conference covered eleven organized sessions.

Residual stresses have been known for a long time, but it is still highly researched in the engineering field because new problems challenge us every year. Problems arise not only in traditional materials for machinery, but also in new materials such as advanced co ... Read more

Book Description

Perspectives in Supramolecular Chemistry Founded by J.-M. Lehn Perspectives in Supramolecular Chemistry reflects research which develops supramolecular structures with specific new properties, such as recognition, transport and simulation of biosystems or new materials. The series covers all areas from theoretical and modelling aspects through organic and inorganic chemistry and biochemistry to materials, solid-state and polymer sciences reflecting the many and varied applications of supramolecular structures in modern chemistry. Giant Vesicles Edited by Pier Luigi Luisi and Peter Walde Institute für Polymere, ETH-Zürich, Switzerland Giant vesicles or giant liposomes are supramolecular assembles of amphiphiles, surface active substances which normally contain one or two hydrophobic chains and one hydrophilic head. Due to their relatively large size, giant vesicles are easily observed by light microscopy. This volume provides an overview of ideas and results obtained from experimental studies as well as theoretical approaches. A wide variety of aspects ranging from pure mathematics and physical considerations to biochemical and biological applications are covered. Historical and fundamental aspects are discussed as well as a range of experimental approaches including the micromanipulation and micro-puncturing of single giant vesicles. 87 international contributors comment on a wide range of issues contained under the five main part headings: Introduction Preparation Methods Basic Theoretical Aspects Physical Properties Chemical and Biological Aspects. Giant Vesicles has been written for researchers in the fields of chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics, working in supra-molecular chemistry, surfactant science, liposome and pharmaceutical sciences. ... Read more

Book Description

Topics include statically indeterminate beams, columns, composite structures, failure criteria in design, torsion, joints, energy methods, and combined stresses. ... Read more

Book Description

The book focuses on the following topics: Evolution of optical spectra from excitonic peaks to the Fermi-edge singularity; negatively and positively charged excitons; reconstructing one-particle and collective excitation spectra with increasing electron density; spatial inhomogeneity and carrier interaction in nanostructures; spin-sensitive interaction and spin-spin interaction in confined systems; many-particle effects in semimagnetic semiconductor heterostructures. Optical methods described include: photoluminescence spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; reflectivity; near-field spectroscopy; magneto-optics in magnetic fields up to 50 T; pico- and femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy; polarized light spectroscopy; optically detected resonance spectroscopy under far-IR and microwave radiation. ... Read more

Book Description

Increasingly, the techniques of optical measurement are being used to solve problems in experimental mechanics. This book meets the need for an up-to-date exposition of optical methods in experimental mechanics. Professor Cloud efficiently integrates optics theory with the development of optical methods. Techniques discussed include classical interferometry, photoelasticity, geometric moire, optical spatial filtering, intermediate sensitivity moire, holographic interferometry and phase measurement techniques. Cloud provides a firm base in the physical principles and at the same time allows the reader to perform meaningful experiments related to the topic being studied. Such a user-oriented approach will appeal to both students and practicing engineers. ... Read more

Reviews (1)

Indispensable for optical methods....
This is a very useful book if you ever need to carry out any kind of non-destructive / whole-field measurement! It covers enough basic optics but is not intimidating to an engineer. I happen to be in Prof. Cloud's class and it's fascinating just to see how much information an image, or light, for that matter, can convey. Indeed this could be the way future testing and measurement is heading!!! ... Read more

Book Description

The essence of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is the ability tofabricate and engineer materials, structures and systems where themanipulation of the properties and functionalities is a result of thecontrol of the material's building blocks whose dimension is in thenanometer regime. This book presents an in-depth description ofnanostructures and the many ways that they can be advantageouslyengineered by the controlled assembly of suitable nano-objects asbuilding blocks. Nanotechnology is here considered as an enablingtechnology by which existing materials, virtually all man-made, canacquire novel properties and functionalities, making them suitable fornovel applications varying from structural and functional to advancedbiomedical in-vivo and in-vitro uses. The book emphasizes the development of useful implementations andapplications of nanotechnology. One key issue addressed is how toaccess, from the macroscopic world, the extremely high informationdensity of nanostructured systems. One way to do this is by usingbio-inspiration - techniques where we apply lessons learned fromliving systems to design new materials with localized feedbackmechanisms. Specifically, the book evaluates the most advanced andinnovative syntheses of nanostructures, the most novel properties andfunctionalities and the most potential applications as components ofadvanced technological systems and as materials tailored for a greatvariety of special needs. ... Read more

Book Description

The papers published in these proceedings represent the latest developments in nondestructive characterization of materials. Topics include: nondestructive evaluation, process control, structural safety, acoustic emission, electromagnetics, lasers, optics, thermography, ultrasonics, vibrations, penetrating radiation, and x-rays. The papers in this volume are directed to one of two goals: (1) nondestructive methods for evaluation of materials during processing and manufacturing so that all end products will meet the highest standards of quality and safety; (2) nondestructive methods for evaluation of materials before any material alterations develop into a size large enough to be classified as a defect or a flaw which could be detected by conventional nondestructive testing. Most conferences in the nondestructive testing field either describe applications of well known routine techniques used in current engineering practice or new and improved techniques also being developed for this purpose. The main purpose of conventional nondestructive testing is to find defects or flaws in structures which would render the structures unsuitable and even hazardous for continued use. ... Read more

Book Description

Still passive and for the most part uncontrollable, current systems intended to ensure the reliability and durability of engineering structures are still in their developmental infancy. They cannot make corrections or recondition materials, and most material and structural failures cannot be predicted. Accidents-and catastrophes-result.Physics of Strength and Fracture Control: Adaptation of Engineering Materials and Structures introduces a new physical concept in the science of the resistance of materials to external effects, a concept that opens completely new avenues for improving the strength and safety of engineered objects. Based on a thermodynamic equation of state of solids derived by the author, the approach provides a general methodology for treating all the physical and mechanical properties of materials, regardless of their nature and physical state. The author shows that this approach enables the control of the stressed-deformed state both to prevent failures and fractures and to promote them for easier shaping of materials. He uses this methodology to present and discuss non-traditional but practical ways of solving real-world problems.Of enormous theoretical and practical significance, this groundbreaking work ushers in a new stage in the science of material strength. It opens the door to systematic ways to design materials, control their operating properties, and predict their behavior under specific operating conditions. ... Read more

Book Description

Hardbound. The field of stress analysis has gained its momentum from the widespread applications in industry and technology and has now become an important part of materials science. Various destructive as well as nondestructive methods have been developed for the determination of stresses. This timely book provides a comprehensive review of the nondestructive techniques for strain evaluation written by experts in their respective fields.

The main part of the book deals with X-ray stress analysis (XSA), focussing on measurement and evaluation methods which can help to solve the problems of today, the numerous applications of metallic, polymeric and ceramic materials as well as of thin-film-substrate composites and of advanced microcomponents. Furthermore it contains data, results, hints and recommendations that are valuable to laboratories for the certification and accreditation of their stress analysis.

Stress analysis is an active field in which man ... Read more

Book Description

Tremendous progress has been made in the last few years in the growth, doping and processing technologies of the wide bandgap semiconductors.As a result, this class of materials now holds significant promis for semiconductor electronics in a broad range of applications.

The principal driver for the current revival of interest in III-V Nitrides is their potential use in high power, high temperature, high frequency and optical devices resistant to radiation damage.

This book provides a wide number of optoelectronic applications of III-V nitrides and covers the entire process from growth to devices and applications making it essential reading for those working in the semiconductors or microelectronics.

Broad review of optoelectronic applications of III-V nitrides ... Read more